I refer to those alloys that way not because of what's in them, but because of what's not. Has nothing to do with the specific content of C, Ni or Mn, but the lack of Cr that differentiates them from stainless. When I say "carbon steel" without referencing a specific alloy, I mean everything that's not a stainless grade. I sometimes further differentiate by their AISI classification.
Why I don't consider carbon steels, nickel steels, nickel-chrome steels, molybdenum steels, chrome steels, chrome-vanadium steels, tungsten steels, nickel-chrome-vanadium steels or silicon-manganese steels is the lack of corrosion resistance in a harsh environment where they may be left to corrode with moisture & caustic substances for considerable periods. I have made internals out of 8620, 9310, 4150, 4340-300M; without surface treatments like nitriding, they will corrode & pit inside a suppressor.
Furnaces & boilers no doubt expose some materials to some pretty harsh conditions, too, but there are some substantial differences, especially in the use & neglect department, the amount of time between uses that moisture & caustic agents are attacking the parts. Think about it; plain old low carbon sheet metal has worked fine for fuel tanks as long as vehicles are in use, but let one sit for months or years, you get horrible corrosion inside.
That said, if anyone feels like donating some maraging steel bar to have it experimented with, I'm certainly game to make a can partially or completely from it! But that stuff makes Ti and Inconel look cheap. Not quite as outrageous as tungsten, but it's up there.